Length: 4.5-5.5 in. (11-13 cm)Weight: 8-13g
Mostly insects and other small invertebrates like spiders, some fruit in winter.
Usually one clutch per season, 4 eggs per nest; incubation and nest construction by females; incubation 11-12 days and young can leave nest in 9 days; common cowbird host.
Documented to at least 7 years, little other information exists.
Some potential problems from pesticide use, especially on wintering grounds. Shooting
and trapping occur on wintering areas. Frequent collisions documented with structures
like TV towers, buildings and smokestacks. This bird responds well to disturbance that
creates early successional habitat in terms of increased breeding density, but declines
with increased expansion of agriculture, urbanization and with loss of suitable habitat as
forest stands increase in age.